For the purpose of studying growth and development in Korean, 16,138 males and 16,783 females, who were students of elementary, middle high schools in cities, towns and rural areas, were selected randomly. The total 32,921 persons´ physiques were measured by cross-sectional method. From these materials, the writer researched standard lengths of many physical portions, physical structure, nutrition indices, formulae to compute standard length according to sex, age and body height, chronological comparison(from 1910 to 1984) of physiques of 6th year students of elementary school(full 11 old age) and 3rd year students of middle school (full 14 old age), chronological correlation of physiques and regression equation. From these the transition of the accelerating growth phenomena of Korean youth was obtained.
For this purpose, the writer measured body heights, weights, chest-girths and sitting heights of Korean males and females selected by random sampling method.
These surveys and measurements took three months and the datas from these surveys were analized through computer.
The conclusions of these surveys are as follows:
1. Physical Growth and Development
a) Body Height
Regarding the height development, there were linear growths in 6∼15 age group for males and 6∼13 age group for females in growth curves and after that age group, growth rate was gradual. The interchange occured in the group of maximum annual growthrate was 8∼9 age group in boys(6.84cm) and 12∼13 age group in girls (7.65cm).
From this measurement, the growth of Korean students has been better than that of 10years before.
b) Body Weight
In body weight, growth curves also were linear in 6∼14 age group for both sexes and after that age group, they were gradual. The interchange occured in both sexes of 8∼11 age group. Maximum growth age was 12∼13 age group in boys and 8∼11 age group in girls, therefore maximum growth age of girla are 2 years more rapid than that of boys. In both sexes, the annual growth rate of 6∼7 age group was worse than that of other age groups.
c) Chest-girth
The average chest-girth of six-year-old boy was 60.33±3.26 cm and that of girls was 59.88±4.24cm. They achieved almost linear development in their chest-girth till they reached age of 16 boys (86.64±5.52cm) and age of 14 girls (80.68±5.09cm). After that stage, the development became gradual. The average chest girth of 17year old boys became 87.10±5.42cm and that of girls 80.79±4.31cm.
d) Sitting Height
Males sitting height demonstrated a steady growth from 6 age group(68.27±3.00cm) to 17 age group(90.73±3.52cm) which was biggest, and the annual growth rate was 2.11cm
Female´s sitting height showed a steady growth from 6 age group (67.88±2.86cm)to 15age group(86.23±2.74cm) which was biggest, and the annual growth rate was 1.93cm. The maximum annual growth rate was 4.42cm boys in 12∼13 years of age and that of girls was 3.13cm in 10∼11 years of age, and the interchange occured in the both sexes in 8.5 through 12.5 years of age.
2. Physical and Nutritional Indices
a) Relative Body Weight
Relative body weights of both sexes increased linearly in 6∼16 age group and interming ling occured in 10.5∼12.5 age group and after that, relative body weight of females was greater than that of males.
b) Relative Chest-girth
In relative chest-girth, narrow chest shape was shown in 6∼14 age group for males and in 6∼12 age group for females and after that age group, normal chest shape was shown. Interming ling occured in adolescence and in 10.5∼17 age group and after that, relative chest girth of females was greater than that of males.
c) Relative Sitting Height
In the case of relative sitting height, it is the same as that of relative body weight. It reached the highest point in 6 age group for both sexes and after that, it slowly decreased to be adult. In geveral, the relative sitting height of female was greatrer than that of male in 17 age group.
d) Rohrer Index
Rohrer index was more full in females rather than in males and was less full in adolescence rather than later on complete growth.
e) Kaup Index
Kaup indices of both sexes increased with age. The index was less than 2.0 for boys in 6∼14 age group and for girls in 6∼13 age group and with this, it appeared that development of horizontal axis to long axis was poor. The index was more than 2.0 after 15age group in boys and 14 age group in girls and developmental state had been good.
f) Vervaeck Index
Vervaeck index was 68∼90 for male and 67∼84 for female and steadily increased with age in both sexes.
g) Pelidisi Index
Pelidisi index was 89∼96 for both sexes and increased with age.
3. The standard body weight of the Korean youth in each ago.
In the standard body weight of each age, there were coefficients of correlation r=＋0.677(p<0.001)for male and r=＋0.554(p<0.0001)between body height and body weight of 1,030 males and 1039 females in 6 age group.
The regression equations to calculate standard body weight of each height were as follows:
Male : Y (Body Weight, kg)= 0.449×(Body Height, cm)-31.613
Female : Y (Body Weight, kg)=0.457×(Body Height, cm)-32.554
Formulae to calculate standard body weight of each age from 6 to 17 age group are the same as in Table 13.
4. Chronological comparison of mean values of body heights and weights was the same as in Table 14 and 15.
5. The results of calculate the coefficients of correlation and regression equations of chronological body height.
Full 11 Old Age : Male: r-＋0.758(p<0.00)
F(X_1)=106.677＋0.404x_1
Syx=±2.7
Female: r=＋0.863(p<0.001)
F(x_2)=125.97＋0.145x_2
Syx=±3.0
Full 14 old Age : Male: r=＋0.757(p<0.001)
F(x_1)=121.347＋0.446x_1
Syx=±3.0
Female : r=＋0.631(p<0.001)
F(x_2)=138.806＋0.178x_2
Syx=±2.2
The results to calculate the coefficients of correlation and regression equations of chronological body weight were the same as in Table 16-b.
|